Sternberg's intelligence theory that our intelligence is best classified into 3 areas that predict our real-world success: analytical, creative, and practical. Creative intelligence. the ability to deal with new and different concepts and to come up with new ways of solving problems. Practical intelligence. the ability to deal with ill …Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like analyze, hypnotic, project and more.Fiveable’s AP Psych teachers & students have compiled the best quizlet study decks for each unit. The AP Psych exam is very vocabulary heavy, so make sure … Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Learning, Conditioning, Stimulus and more. ... Psychology- Chapter 6: Learning. 49 terms. Alylc300 ... Psychology is the scientific study of behavior, mental process ,and. brain function. Which of the following approaches to psychology emphasizes the idea that one whole experience is different from the breakdown of that experience. Gestalt. the approach to psychology that focuses on the purpose of behavior known as. Functionalism. A term in social psychology that refers to a tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes, while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes. Attraction Research. Refers to positive feelings about another person. Sternberg's Theory of Love. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience? (module 26) A. Acquisition B. Stimulus C. Learning D. Habituation E. Response, Lynn is teaching learning. Every time she claps her hands, Charlie turns off the light. When Randy claps in … abnormal behavior is a result of people being too sensitive to the criticisms and judgements of others because of a low self-esteem. cognitive view. abnormal behavior is the result of faulty or illogical thoughts; distortions in the cognitive process lead to misperceptions of the world, which ultimately leads to abnormal behavior. behavioral view. Do you know color psychology in interior design? Here's how spring décor affects a person's mood! Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos Latest View All Guides Latest View All...Q-Chat ... The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It is a rigorous discipline that tests assumptions, bringing scientific data to bear on the ...Students also viewed · 1. Acceptance: Realizing the stressor exists and cannot be wished away · 2. Exposure: Attending to the stressor, thinking about it and ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience? (module 26) A. Acquisition B. Stimulus C. Learning D. Habituation E. Response, Lynn is teaching learning. Every time she claps her hands, Charlie turns off the light. When Randy claps in … a nerve network that travels through the brainstem and thalamus and plays an important role in controlling arousal. substantia nigra and the ventral tegmental area. Located in the midbrain. Both regions contain cell bodies that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine, and both are critical for movement. To examine how the components of the human mind relate to the whole and how the components result in a objectively unique whole. Gestalt Psychology. A school of psychology concerned with the sensory experience and how they innately relate back to the whole mind, and how the mind perceives and processes that relation. Ivan Pavlov (1849 … A label applied when someone has an especially high IQ (typically, people in the top 1% or 2%) Terms for Intro to Psych Test #2 taught by Dr. Richard Beck at Abilene Christian University Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Cognitive psychology focuses on studying _____. A. genetics and the effect of genetics on behavior B. sensation and the effect of culture on perception C. the effect of gender, race, and class on behavior D. thoughts and their relationship to our experiences … Test your knowledge of psychology concepts and terms with this set of 45 flashcards. Learn about the history, methods, and branches of psychology, and get hints and reviews for each card. Timbre. the quality or texture of sound; caused by overtones. Taste Buds. Structures on the tongue that contain the receptor cells for taste. Papillae. small bumps on the tongue that contain taste buds. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Psychology, Functionalist theory, Evolutionary psychology and more.Basic Ideas of Evolutionary Psychology. •All species have what we might call their species specific "nature". •Humans have a "human nature"- the common characteristics of humans. their motives, psychological processes, etc. •This Human Nature, like the nature of all species, is shaped in part (greatly) natural selection.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The scientist credited the founding of psychology as independent science, In approach to the study of psychology focuses on the process by which we require knowledge is known as, Psychologists who study behavioral similarities & differences among …Anterograde Amnesia. A loss of memory for any event that occurs after a brain injury. Retrograde Amnesia. A loss of memory for events prior to a brain injury. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Psychology, Positive Psychology, Biological Psychologists and more.We make sense of information of the environment. Ingroup bias - favoring our own group. Outgroup homogeneity effect - perception that out-group members are more similar to one another than in group members are. Distinctiveness. Distinctive people - capture our attention and thus are easier to blame if something bad happens.The oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions. The base of the brain stem; controls heartbeat and breathing. A nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal. Psychological force that employs reason. It curbs the impulses of the Id to keep the behavior w/ in social customs and expectations. (part conscious and unconscious). it has to satisfy the id and superego.YOUR PERSONALITY , WHO YOU ARE. operates on the ______ ________ ; what is practical. reality principle. involves complex mental engagement; a wide range of deep, intense emotions; and diverse, novel and interesting experiences. The key factor here is mental ...AP Psychology: Unit 1 - People. 4.7 (24 reviews) Wilhelm Wundt. Click the card to flip 👆. (1832-1920) Set up the first psychological lab (1879). Trained subjects in introspection. Eventually described his theory as structuralism. He is also referred to the father of modern psychology because of his new 'lab approach' to studying psychology.The ability to learn from experience and solve problems; using knowledge to adapt to new situations. Tap the card to flip.the part of the neuron that carries messages destined for other neurons. terminal buttons. small bulges at the end of axons that send messages to other neurons. myelin sheath. a protective coating of fat and protein that wraps around an axon. action potential. an electric nerve impulse that travels through a neuron's axon when it is set off by ...AP Psychology Timpanogos High School Paul Barth Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free.In today’s digital age, students have a wide range of tools at their disposal to aid in their exam preparation. One such tool that has gained popularity among students is Quizlet. ...Terms in this set (42) Stress. occurs when a situation overwhelms a person's perceived ability to meet the demands of the situation. stressors. a situation that pushes us to our limit. stress as a stimulus. measuring stress in terms of life changes. response view of stress.1st attempt to bring objectivity & measurement to concept of psychology. Introduced structuralism. The mind is made up of thoughts, experiences and emotions. Objective Introspection. 1st true experimental laboratory in psychology. Objective Introspection. Objectively examining & measuring one's own thoughts and mental activities.a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence. four goals of psychology. describe, explain, predict, control. levels of analysis. rungs on a ladder of analysis, with lower levels tied most closely to biological influences, then psychological influences, and higher levels ...thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, and assesses ... a period of inactivity after a neuron has fired. threshold. the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse. all-or-nothing response. a neuron's reaction of either firing or not firing. synapse. the junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite or cell body of the receiving neuron. Q-Chat ... The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It is a rigorous discipline that tests assumptions, bringing scientific data to bear on the ...Statistics. a branch of mathematics used to summarize, analyze, and interpret a group of numbers or observations. Data. (plural) are measurements or observations that are typically numeric; a datum (singular) is a single measurement or observation, usually referred to as a score or raw score. Descriptive Statistics.involves complex mental engagement; a wide range of deep, intense emotions; and diverse, novel and interesting experiences. The key factor here is mental ...involves complex mental engagement; a wide range of deep, intense emotions; and diverse, novel and interesting experiences. The key factor here is mental ...Discover how to use psychology to drive up your connect rate and book more meetings. Trusted by business builders worldwide, the HubSpot Blogs are your number-one source for educat...Classical Conditioning. The basic learning process that involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with a response producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the same response. Unconditioned Stimulus. The natural stimulus that reflexively elicits a response without the need for prior learning. Unconditioned Response.Working Memory. a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory. Memory. the persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.Studies how the mind actively organizes stimuli into meaningful words. A Philosophy of life stressing that personal goals are more important than group goals. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Sociocultural Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Psychoanalysis and more.a period of inactivity after a neuron has fired. All-of-none response. a neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full-strength response) or not firing. Neurotransmitters. chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. Reuptake. a neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron. Endorphins.A. biopsychologist. 11. Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology. B. developmental. 12. If you show an adult a toy, and then hide it behind a curtain, the adult knows that the toy still exists.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Psychology is defined as the scientific study of _____. a. human behavior b. the mind c. behavior and mental processes d. mental processes, Which is an example of an overt behavior? a. thinking b. planning c. writing d. problem solving, People who believe that a new diet is safe and …Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. The word “psychology” comes from the Greek words “psyche,” meaning life, and “logos,” meaning explanation. … Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. Which aspect of the scientific method occurs first?, 2. For a scientific explanation to be testable, it must also be ________., 3. Guillermo spends some time each day applying the principles of structuralism to examine his own conscious experience as carefully as possible. Guillermo is engaged in ________. and more. the part of the neuron that carries messages destined for other neurons. terminal buttons. small bulges at the end of axons that send messages to other neurons. myelin sheath. a protective coating of fat and protein that wraps around an axon. action potential. an electric nerve impulse that travels through a neuron's axon when it is set off by ... Development Psychology. Teacher 36 terms. Shannon_Everhart1. Preview. Find Developmental Psychology flashcards to help you study for your next exam and take them with you on the go! With Quizlet, you can browse through thousands of flashcards created by teachers and students — or make a set of your own! Classical Conditioning. The basic learning process that involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with a response producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the same response. Unconditioned Stimulus. The natural stimulus that reflexively elicits a response without the need for prior learning. Unconditioned Response. a period of inactivity after a neuron has fired. All-of-none response. a neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full-strength response) or not firing. Neurotransmitters. chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between neurons. Reuptake. a neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron. Endorphins.A. biopsychologist. 11. Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology. B. developmental. 12. If you show an adult a toy, and then hide it behind a curtain, the adult knows that the toy still exists.A theory of death-related anxiety; explores people's emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death. Unreliable, invalid, not good. Inkblots, TAT, most researchers think they are. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Psychodynamic theories, Neo-Freudians, Alfred Adler and more.In today’s digital age, technology has revolutionized the way we learn and acquire knowledge. One such tool that has gained immense popularity among students and educators alike is... A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish. Behaviorism. The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2 ... Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Piaget's Cognitive-Development Theory, Kohlberg's Moral Judgment, ... AP Psychology Chapter 2 - Research Methods. 33 terms. Pennythepanda. Preview. Social Learning Theory- Psychology. 5 terms. lucie200405. Preview. Terms in this set (42)From Quizlet and Otter to BibMe and Speechify, one of these apps should help you get through your next class. Maybe you tend to study the old-school way: sit down, break out a high...Representative Sample. A research sample that accurately reflects the population of people one is studying. Meta-analysis. A research technique for combining all research results on one question and drawing a conclusion. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Scientific Thinking, Scientific Method, Theory and more.Developed theories on learning, memory, motivation, emotion, perception and personalitly. First woman to receive a Ph.D in psychology. Observed behavior only because the mental processes can not be seen. Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Study of the body and brain. Emotions, memories and sensory experiences. … Terms in this set (50) Personality. individual's unique patterns of thought, feelings, and behavior that persist over time; unique, stable, enduring. psychodynamic theories. theories that behavior results from the psychological forces that interact within the individual, often outside conscious awareness; linked by Freud. unconscious. Symbolic interactionism. Micro social perspective. Focuses on the smaller scale interactions between individuals in small groups. Through social interactions, individuals develop shared meanings and labels for various symbols. Allows for human agency in creating and changing meaning in society, rather than society acting upon the individual.A. biopsychologist. 11. Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology. B. developmental. 12. If you show an adult a toy, and then hide it behind a curtain, the adult knows that the toy still exists.Wilhelm Wundt is typically considered the father of modern psychology. He founded the first experimental psychology lab in 1879 at the University of Leipzig in Germany.Do you know color psychology in interior design? Here's how spring décor affects a person's mood! Expert Advice On Improving Your Home Videos Latest View All Guides Latest View All...The sleep disorder characterized by powerful urges to sleep during wake times is known as. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The links between emotions and behavior in people from different parts of the world., "That sounds like pseudopsychology. In fact, there is no evidence that people only use ten percent of ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time? A.) automatic processing B.) effortful processing C.) memory D.) sensory encoding, What type of memories do we consciously try to remember and recall? A.) explicit memories B.) …Developed theories on learning, memory, motivation, emotion, perception and personalitly. First woman to receive a Ph.D in psychology. Observed behavior only because the mental processes can not be seen. Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Study of the body and brain. Emotions, memories and sensory experiences. …Cognitive neuroscience. Study of the brain activity linked with cognition. Ways we perceive, process, and remember information. Behavior. Any action we can observe and record. Mental processes. Internal, subjective experiences we infer from behavior. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like …Students also viewed ... What is developmental psychology? The study of how and why people change over time in terms of their behaviour and thoughts, as well as ...Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like question a decision, make assumptions, raise doubts and more. 2) The biological structure-the behaviour of the individual is controlled and coordinated by the brain and the nervous system. 3) The chemistry of the body-hormones in the body and neurotransmitters in the brain have a much impact on our behaviour. Genotype. particular set of genes that a person possesses. Genes. Q-Chat ... The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It is a rigorous discipline that tests assumptions, bringing scientific data to bear on the ...schema. a framework of knowledge about an object, event or a group of people that can affect our perception and help us to organise information and recall what we have seen. visual illusion. conflict between reality and what we perceive. fiction.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Attribution Theory, Actor-observer bias, ... AP Psych--Unit 5: Cognitive Psychology. 105 terms. sophialee3200. Preview. AP Psychology Exam Review. Teacher 771 terms. sdstanphill. Preview. Psychology Unit 5 part 1. 89 terms. maddie000123.1) Dispositional: ways individuals differ. 2) Biological: genetics, psychophysiology, evolution. 3) Intrapsychic: mental mechanisms of personality. 4) Cognitive-Experiential: cognition and subjective experience. 5) Social and cultural: personality affects and is affected by social and cultural contexts. 6) Adjustment: personality … abnormal behavior is a result of people being too sensitive to the criticisms and judgements of others because of a low self-esteem. cognitive view. abnormal behavior is the result of faulty or illogical thoughts; distortions in the cognitive process lead to misperceptions of the world, which ultimately leads to abnormal behavior. behavioral view. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Learning, Conditioning, Stimulus and more. ... Psychology- Chapter 6: Learning. 49 terms. Alylc300 ... Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like question a decision, make assumptions, raise doubts and more.Explore the best colleges for psychology today and learn what to expect from a graduate program in psychology. Updated June 2, 2023 thebestschools.org is an advertising-supported s...Earning an online associate degree in psychology provides an excellent overview of psychology principles. It can pave the way for a career or further education in the field. We ran...
How the sense of pain reaches the brain: • 2 pathways to the brain: 1. Fast pathway — directly to thalamus, sharp localized pain. 2. Slow pathway — through the limbic system, nagging dull pain. "6th Sense". • Kinesthetic Sense. — Provides brain with information about movement, posture, and orientation.. Evermore merch
The ability to learn from experience and solve problems; using knowledge to adapt to new situations. Tap the card to flip.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Whats the difference between Operant Conditioning and Classical Conditioning? (ppt Chap 6 pt 2 slide 9), What are the two behaviorist psychologists famous for their operant conditioning studies, Whats the difference between reinforcement and …Feb. 14, 2024, 1:29 AM ET (Medical Xpress) Study hints at an early shift towards a more positive attitude in middle-aged people. psychology, scientific discipline that studies …Students also viewed · 1. biological psychology. Definition: a branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology and behavior · 2. neuron.Use these seven psychological tricks to boost your motivation on tough days. Trusted by business builders worldwide, the HubSpot Blogs are your number-one source for education and ...In today’s digital age, students have a wide range of tools at their disposal to aid in their exam preparation. One such tool that has gained popularity among students is Quizlet. ...From Gestalt Psychology, it is the tendency for elements appearing to follow in the same direction (such as a straight line or a simple curve) to be grouped together. Law of prägnanz. From Gestalt Psychology, it is the tendency for perceptual organization to be as "good"—as regular, simple and symmetric—as possible.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience? (module 26) A. Acquisition B. Stimulus C. Learning D. Habituation E. Response, Lynn is teaching learning. Every time she claps her hands, Charlie turns off the light. When Randy claps in … Test your knowledge of psychology with this set of flashcards created by a teacher. Learn the definitions and examples of key terms and concepts from various schools and perspectives of psychology. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The scientific study of behavior & mental processes, "the way you think" is the _________, is NOT directly observable., Psychology DOES NOT rely on: and more.1)Some children have difficulty generalizing something learned in a therapeutic setting to the real world. 2)Higher IQ is generally associated with better outcomes after treatment. 3)Early language ability is generally associated with better outcomes after treatment. 1)The disorder's symptoms lessen by the time most children reach their early 20s.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What is the set of processes used to encode, store, and retrieve information over different periods of time? A.) automatic processing B.) effortful processing C.) memory D.) sensory encoding, What type of memories do we consciously try to remember and recall? A.) explicit memories B.) …Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like about half of psychologist work in, which of the following is the acronym for the chief ... Psychology Basics. 3.7 (3 reviews) What is Psychology? Click the card to flip 👆. :the scientific study of behavior & mental process. -a science aimed to observe, describe, & explain how we think, feel, & act. -developed from philosophy & biology. Click the card to flip 👆. 1 / 89. the process of observing and imitating a specific behavior. mirror neurons. frontal lobe neurons that fire when performing certain actions or when observing another doing so. prosocial behavior. positive, constructive, helpful behavior. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like learning, associative learning, classical ...There are many examples of psychological principles being put to use in a variety of fields, most of which are based on the concepts of stimulation, socialization, identity and con...the four stages of sexual responding described by Matsters and Johnson-excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. Refractory period. resting time; occurs in both neuron firing and in human sexual response. Estrogens. stimulate uterine lining growth; development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System, ... Psychology Quiz: Brain Parts and Functions. 61 terms. booberry1719. Preview. The Brain . 33 terms. Nacho_Marin9. Preview. Bone functions and facts . 13 terms. quizlette4272982.cognitive psychology investigates mental processes, including reasoning and thinking, problem solving, memory, perception, mental imagery, and ….
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Taylor swift eras tour places | ego. in Freud's theory, the logical, rational, largely conscious system of personality, which operates according to the reality principle. superego. the moral system of the personality, which consists of the conscience and the ego ideal. defense mechanism. a means used by the ego to defend against anxiety and to maintain self-esteem. repression. The treatment for drug abuse that involves the removal of the poisonous substance from the body? The weakest amount of a stimulus that can be sensed is known as? Who founded the school of psychoanalysis? Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Psychology, Depressants, Ethical Standards and more.We make sense of information of the environment. Ingroup bias - favoring our own group. Outgroup homogeneity effect - perception that out-group members are more similar to one another than in group members are. Distinctiveness. Distinctive people - capture our attention and thus are easier to blame if something bad happens....
Cvs tech jobs | Educational Psychology Flashcards. ... It’s never been easier to find and study educational psychology flashcards made by students and teachers using Quizlet. Whether you’re reviewing material before a quiz or preparing for a major exam, we’ll help you find the educational psychology flashcard set that you need to power up your next study ...a behavioral method that reinforces responses that successively approximate and ultimately match the desired response. a biological constraint on learning in which an organism learns in one trial to avoid a food whose ingestion is followed by illness. Chapter 6 test... Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free....
Taylor swift new song release | Terms in this set (50) Personality. individual's unique patterns of thought, feelings, and behavior that persist over time; unique, stable, enduring. psychodynamic theories. theories that behavior results from the psychological forces that interact within the individual, often outside conscious awareness; linked by Freud. unconscious. A system of ideas designed to interrelate concepts and facts in a way that summarizes existing data and predicts future observations. A formal trial undertaken to confirm or dis-confirm a fact or principle. In an experiment, the condition being investigated as a possible caused of some changes in behavior.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In your own words, define psychology., In a paragraph, compare and contrast psychologists and psychiatrists., All but one of the following are studies done in sociology. Which one best illustrates a study done in psychology? A. a study that shows how Marissa's …...
Kubota dealer andalusia al | Psychodynamic Perspective. behavior is motivated by inherited instincts, biological drives, & attempts to resolve personal conflicts between personal need and society's demands. Cognitive Perspective. an approach that emphasizes mental process in perception, memory, language, problem solving and other areas of behavior. Humanistic Perspective.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Psychology: Chapter 18, Psychological Disorders, Typicality and more.Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Definition of psychology, Subject matter of psychology, Creation of psychology (when and ......
Rising sun obgyn | In self psychology the "self" is. The organizing principle of personality and behavior - it defines and dictates our behaviors. Self Psychology Practice is distinguished from other psychoanalytic approaches by three things: --It is the way the therapist listens for information. --By the therapist prolonged and sustained empathic immersion in ...1. Multiple Choice. 30 seconds. 1 pt. Which part of the eye allows for transduction? Retina. Cochlea. Rods and Cones. Lens. 2. Multiple Choice. 30 seconds. 1 pt. Which lobe of the …Developed theories on learning, memory, motivation, emotion, perception and personalitly. First woman to receive a Ph.D in psychology. Observed behavior only because the mental processes can not be seen. Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Study of the body and brain. Emotions, memories and sensory experiences. …...
Amazon jobs mcallen tx | Students also viewed · 1. Acceptance: Realizing the stressor exists and cannot be wished away · 2. Exposure: Attending to the stressor, thinking about it and ...Q-Chat. What is cognitive psychology? ... A branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind - that includes such mental processes as ......